Bones, joints & musclesInfectionICD-10 M86
Osteomyelitis (bone infection)
Infection of bone, reaching it through the blood, from a nearby wound or ulcer, or after surgery. It needs prolonged antibiotics and sometimes surgery.
Condition-specific references are below. Individual claims and this page have not been clinically reviewed. Read about this content.
Causes
- Staphylococcus aureus (most common)
- Streptococci, gram-negative bacteria, TB
Risk factors
- Diabetic foot ulcers
- Open fractures and orthopaedic implants
- Injecting drug use
- Sickle cell disease
Symptoms
- Bone pain and tenderness
- Fever
- Swelling and redness
- Discharging sinus in chronic infection
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- MRI
- Blood cultures, CRP
- Bone biopsy for culture
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- Weeks of targeted antibiotics
Operations and procedures
- Surgical debridement of dead bone
- Removal of infected implants
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Diabetic foot care
Possible complications
- Chronic infection
- Amputation
- Growth disturbance in children
Prevention
- Foot care in diabetes, prompt wound care
Outlook
Acute infection usually cured; chronic infection is difficult to eradicate.
When to see a doctor
Seek care for bone pain with fever, or a non-healing foot ulcer.
Sources and further reading
These sources cover this condition. They have not been checked against every statement on this page.
Related conditions
Educational overview, not medical advice. Treatment varies by person and location. Consult a qualified health professional for diagnosis or care. Read our content and model notes and privacy information.