BoneLong bone

Femur

Latin: Femur sinistrum

Location: Thigh

Paired structure: one on the left and one on the right side of the body.

View the femur in 3D

Function

The longest, heaviest and strongest bone in the body — a tubular pillar engineered to carry up to 30 times body weight in impact. Its angled neck swings the shaft under the pelvis for a striding gait, and its condyles roll the knee.

Landmarks

  • Head with fovea
  • Neck
  • Greater and lesser trochanters
  • Intertrochanteric line and crest
  • Linea aspera
  • Gluteal tuberosity
  • Medial and lateral condyles
  • Intercondylar notch
  • Adductor tubercle

Articulations (joints)

  • Hip bone (ball-and-socket hip joint)
  • Patella
  • Tibia (knee joint)

Clinical relevance

Femoral neck fractures in the elderly risk avascular necrosis of the head; shaft fractures can bleed 1–1.5 L into the thigh — a hidden cause of shock.

Related conditions

Educational anatomy reference, not medical advice. About this content.