Kidneys & urinary tractImmune-mediatedICD-10 N05
Glomerulonephritis
Also called: IgA nephropathy, Nephritic syndrome
Inflammation of the kidneys' filtering units, which can cause blood and protein in the urine, high blood pressure and loss of kidney function.
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Causes
- IgA nephropathy (most common worldwide)
- Post-streptococcal
- Lupus nephritis
- ANCA vasculitis
- Anti-GBM disease
Risk factors
- Autoimmune diseases
- Recent infections
Symptoms
- Blood in urine (cola-coloured)
- Foamy urine
- Swelling
- High blood pressure
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- Urine tests (blood, protein)
- Blood tests including autoantibodies
- Kidney biopsy
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- Blood-pressure control and ACE inhibitors/ARBs
- SGLT2 inhibitors
- Immunosuppression depending on type (steroids, cyclophosphamide, rituximab)
Operations and procedures
- Plasma exchange for anti-GBM disease
- Dialysis if needed
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Low salt
Possible complications
- Chronic kidney disease
- Kidney failure
Prevention
- Treat streptococcal infections
Outlook
Varies widely by type.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for blood or froth in the urine, or swelling of the legs and face.
Sources and further reading
These sources cover this condition. They have not been checked against every statement on this page.
Related conditions
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