Bones, joints & musclesChronic pain (central sensitisation)ICD-10 M79.7
Fibromyalgia
Long-term widespread pain with fatigue, poor sleep and memory problems, caused by increased pain sensitivity in the nervous system rather than tissue damage.
Condition-specific references are below. Individual claims and this page have not been clinically reviewed. Read about this content.
Causes
- Central sensitisation; often follows physical or emotional stress
Risk factors
- Female sex
- Family history
- Other rheumatic diseases
- Stress and trauma
Symptoms
- Widespread pain
- Fatigue
- Unrefreshing sleep
- Brain fog
- Headaches
- Irritable bowel symptoms
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- Clinical criteria (widespread pain for over 3 months)
- Blood tests to exclude other conditions
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- Low-dose amitriptyline, duloxetine or pregabalin in some patients
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Graded aerobic exercise (best evidence)
- Sleep hygiene
- CBT and pain management programmes
- Tai chi and yoga
Possible complications
- Disability
- Depression
Prevention
- None specific
Outlook
Chronic, but many people improve with exercise and self-management.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for widespread pain lasting months.
Sources and further reading
These sources cover this condition. They have not been checked against every statement on this page.
Related conditions
Educational overview, not medical advice. Treatment varies by person and location. Consult a qualified health professional for diagnosis or care. Read our content and model notes and privacy information.