Infections (whole body)Viral infectionICD-10 B01
Chickenpox (varicella)
Also called: Varicella
A common, very contagious childhood infection causing an itchy blistering rash. Usually mild in children but more serious in adults, pregnancy and people with weak immunity.
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Causes
- Varicella-zoster virus
Risk factors
- No previous infection or vaccine
Symptoms
- Fever and malaise
- Crops of itchy spots that blister and crust
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- Clinical
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- Paracetamol (avoid NSAIDs)
- Aciclovir for adults, pregnancy and immunocompromised people
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Calamine or cooling gels, antihistamines for itch
- Keep off school until spots crust
Possible complications
- Skin infection
- Pneumonia (adults)
- Encephalitis
- Later shingles
Prevention
- Varicella vaccine
Outlook
Most recover in 1–2 weeks.
When to see a doctor
Seek care if pregnant, immunocompromised, a newborn, or if skin becomes red and painful.
Sources and further reading
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Educational overview, not medical advice. Treatment varies by person and location. Consult a qualified health professional for diagnosis or care. Read our content and model notes and privacy information.