Sinusitis
Also called: Rhinosinusitis
Inflammation of the sinuses, usually after a cold, causing blocked nose, facial pain and discharge. Most cases are viral and settle within 2–3 weeks.
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Causes
- Viral colds (most)
- Bacterial infection in a minority
- Allergies, nasal polyps (chronic)
Risk factors
- Allergic rhinitis
- Asthma
- Smoking
- Dental infections
Symptoms
- Blocked or runny nose
- Facial pain or pressure
- Reduced sense of smell
- Thick discoloured discharge
- Fever
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- Clinical; CT for chronic or complicated cases
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- Pain relief
- Nasal steroid sprays
- Antibiotics only if severe or worsening after 10 days
Operations and procedures
- Functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic cases
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Saline nasal rinses
- Steam inhalation
Possible complications
- Orbital cellulitis
- Meningitis (rare)
Prevention
- Treat allergies, avoid smoking
Outlook
Acute sinusitis resolves in most cases without antibiotics.
When to see a doctor
Seek urgent care for swelling around the eye, double vision, severe headache or confusion.
Sources and further reading
These sources cover this condition. They have not been checked against every statement on this page.
Related conditions
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