Skin, hair & nailsInfectionICD-10 L03
Cellulitis
A bacterial infection of the deeper skin layers causing a spreading red, hot, swollen, painful area — usually on a lower leg.
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Causes
- Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus entering through broken skin
Risk factors
- Skin breaks, athlete's foot, ulcers
- Leg swelling (lymphoedema)
- Obesity
- Diabetes
Symptoms
- Spreading redness, warmth and swelling
- Pain and tenderness
- Fever and feeling unwell
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- Clinical; mark the edge to monitor spread
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- Oral antibiotics (flucloxacillin or alternatives)
- Intravenous antibiotics if severe
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Rest and elevate the limb
- Treat athlete's foot
- Moisturise dry skin
Possible complications
- Abscess
- Sepsis
- Necrotising fasciitis (rare emergency)
- Recurrence
Prevention
- Skin care and treating fungal infections
Outlook
Usually clears in 7–10 days.
When to see a doctor
Seek urgent care for rapidly spreading redness, severe pain or fever.
Sources and further reading
These sources cover this condition. They have not been checked against every statement on this page.
Related conditions
Educational overview, not medical advice. Treatment varies by person and location. Consult a qualified health professional for diagnosis or care. Read our content and model notes and privacy information.