Skin, hair & nailsCancerICD-10 C44
Basal cell carcinoma
Also called: BCC, Rodent ulcer
The most common cancer of all: a slow-growing skin cancer on sun-exposed skin that almost never spreads but can damage local tissue.
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Causes
- Chronic UV exposure (Hedgehog pathway mutations)
Risk factors
- Fair skin
- Sun exposure
- Age
- Immunosuppression
Symptoms
- Pearly, shiny bump with small blood vessels
- Non-healing sore that bleeds
- Flat scar-like patch
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- Clinical and dermoscopy; biopsy
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- Topical imiquimod or 5-FU for superficial BCC
- Hedgehog inhibitors for advanced disease
Operations and procedures
- Surgical excision
- Mohs surgery for facial lesions
- Curettage, cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Sun protection
Possible complications
- Local tissue destruction
Prevention
- Sun protection
Outlook
Almost always curable.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for a sore or lump that does not heal within 4 weeks.
Sources and further reading
These sources cover this condition. They have not been checked against every statement on this page.
Related conditions
Educational overview, not medical advice. Treatment varies by person and location. Consult a qualified health professional for diagnosis or care. Read our content and model notes and privacy information.