Inguinal hernia
Also called: Groin hernia
Abdominal contents push through a weakness in the groin, producing a lump that is more obvious when standing or coughing. Much more common in men.
Condition-specific references are below. Individual claims and this page have not been clinically reviewed. Read about this content.
Causes
- Weakness of the inguinal canal (congenital or acquired)
Risk factors
- Male sex
- Age
- Chronic cough, constipation, heavy lifting
- Family history
- Premature birth
Symptoms
- Groin lump that disappears on lying down
- Aching or dragging sensation
- Painful, tense, irreducible lump if strangulated
Diagnosis — tests and examinations
- Clinical examination
- Ultrasound if uncertain
Treatment
Medicines and medical treatment
- Watchful waiting for small painless hernias in some men
Operations and procedures
- Mesh repair (open Lichtenstein or laparoscopic)
- Emergency surgery for strangulation
Self-care, home remedies and lifestyle
- Avoid heavy lifting until repaired
- Treat constipation and chronic cough
Possible complications
- Incarceration
- Strangulation of bowel (emergency)
Prevention
- Healthy weight, correct lifting technique
Outlook
Excellent after repair; recurrence is uncommon.
When to see a doctor
Seek emergency care if a hernia becomes painful, tense and cannot be pushed back, especially with vomiting.
Sources and further reading
These sources cover this condition. They have not been checked against every statement on this page.
Related conditions
Educational overview, not medical advice. Treatment varies by person and location. Consult a qualified health professional for diagnosis or care. Read our content and model notes and privacy information.