MuscleTongue — extrinsic

Genioglossus

Latin: M. genioglossus

Location: Head

View the genioglossus in 3D

Origin

Superior mental spine (genial tubercle) of the mandible.

Insertion

Body of the hyoid and the whole length of the tongue's dorsum.

Action

Protrudes the tongue — the airway's safety muscle; unilateral action deviates it to the opposite side.

Nerve supply

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).

Blood supply

Lingual artery.

Clinical relevance

In anaesthesia, a relaxed genioglossus falls back and obstructs the airway — the reason chin-lift and jaw-thrust work. CN XII palsy deviates the tongue toward the lesion.

Educational anatomy reference, not medical advice. About this content.